Question 5, May 2022, 1R, Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9-1) Information and Communication Technology, Paper-1

Nihal downloads communication software to his laptop.

(a) Give two features of a computer that are required to download software. (2)

1 To download software, Nihal's laptop must be connected to the internet. This can be done through a wired or wireless network connection.

2 Depending on the size of the software being downloaded, Nihal's laptop must have enough storage space available to store the downloaded files.

 

(b) Explain two ways the Internet has improved communication for organisations. (4)

1 The internet allows for real-time communication between individuals and groups, which means that messages, data, and information can be exchanged almost instantly. This is because data is transmitted over the internet at very high speeds, allowing for immediate and responsive communication.

2 The internet has made it possible for people to connect and communicate remotely, regardless of their location. This is because the internet can be accessed from anywhere using various devices such as laptops, smartphones, and tablets.

 

(c) Describe how one disability can be supported by configuring applications software. (2)

Altering colors and font sizes can help individuals with visual impairments to better distinguish between different elements on the screen.

 

(d) List two reasons for updating system software. (2)

1 Updates often include security patches that address known vulnerabilities in the system software. Updating the software helps to ensure that your device is protected against potential security threats.

2 Software updates often include new features or improvements that were not available in previous versions. These features may be requested by users, or they may be added to keep up with changing trends or technologies.

 

(e) Explain one reason why compression should be used on files before backing up. (2)

One reason why compression should be used on files before backing up is to reduce the amount of storage space required for the backup.

 

(f) State the type of utility software that reorganises where data is stored on a magnetic disk. (1)

Defragmentation reorganises where data is stored on a magnetic disk.

 

(g) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using sensors to make decisions for car drivers. (8)

Advancements in technology have led to the development of sensors that can help divers make decisions while driving. Here are some advantages and disadvantages of using sensors to make decisions for car drivers:

Advantages:

1. Improved safety: Sensors can help detect potential hazard on the road and alert drivers to potential dangers, reducing the risk of accidents.

2. Increased efficiency: Sensors can help drivers optimize their driving behavior, such as detecting traffic patterns and adjusting speed to reduce fuel consumption and minimize wear and tear on the car.

3. Enhanced comfort: Sensors can help drivers navigate and park their vehicles more easily, reducing stress and increasing comfort.

4. Reduced driver workload: By automating some driving decisions, such as parking and lane departure warning, sensors can reduce the workload on drivers, allowing them to focus on other important tasks such as navigating and monitoring the road.

Disadvantages:

1. Reliance on technology: Over-reliance on sensors can make drivers complacent, reducing their ability to make critical decisions in the absence of sensor feedback.

2. Cost: Installing sensors can be expensive, and repairing or replacing sensors can be even more costly.

3. False alarms: Sensors may sometimes trigger false alarms, causing distractions for the driver and potentially increasing the risk of accidents.

4. Limited effectiveness in certain situations: Sensors may not be effective in all driving conditions, such as in extreme weather conditions or on rough terrain.

5. Privacy concerns: Sensors may collect and transmit sensitive data, raising privacy concerns for drivers and passengers.

In conclusion, sensors can offer several advantages for drivers, including improved safety, increased efficiency, enhanced comfort, and reduced driver workload. However, they also have some disadvantages, such as over-reliance on technology, cost, false alarms, limited effectiveness in certain situations, and privacy concerns. It is important to weigh these advantages and disadvantages when considering the use of sensors in making decisions for car drivers.

(Total for Question 5 = 21 marks)